Rini na al'ada na acid ɗin yana nufin rinayen ruwa mai narkewa wanda ke ɗauke da ƙungiyoyin acidic a cikin tsarin rini, waɗanda galibi ana rina su ƙarƙashin yanayin acidic.
Bayanin rini na acid
1. Tarihin rini na acid:
A cikin 1868, rini na farko na acid rini na triarylmethane acid ya bayyana, wanda ke da ƙarfin rini mai ƙarfi amma rashin ƙarfi;
A cikin 1877, an haɗe farkon rini na acid ja A da aka yi amfani da shi don rini na ulu, kuma an ƙaddara ainihin tsarinsa;
** Bayan shekaru 0, an ƙirƙiri rini na acid tare da tsarin anthraquinone, kuma chromatogram ɗinsu ya ƙara cika;
Ya zuwa yanzu, rini na acid suna da kusan ɗaruruwan irin rini, waɗanda ake amfani da su sosai wajen rini na ulu, siliki, nailan da sauran zaruruwa.
2. Halayen rini na acid:
Ƙungiyoyin acidic a cikin rini na acid gabaɗaya suna mamaye ƙungiyoyin sulfonic acid (-SO3H), waɗanda ke wanzu akan ƙwayoyin rini a cikin nau'in gishirin sodium sulfonic acid (-SO3Na), kuma wasu dyes suna da acidic tare da salts na sodium carboxylic acid (-COONa). ).rukuni.
Yana da alaƙa da kyakkyawan narkewar ruwa, launi mai haske, cikakken chromatogram, tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta mafi sauƙi fiye da sauran rini, rashin tsarin haɗin kai mai tsayi mai tsayi a cikin kwayar rini, da ƙarancin jagorar rini.
3. Tsarin dauki na rini na acid:
Rarraba rini na acid
1. Rarraba bisa ga tsarin kwayoyin halitta na iyayen rini:
Azos (60%, m bakan) Anthraquinones (20%, yafi blue da kore) Triarylmethane (10%, purple, kore) Heterocycles (10%, ja, kore) purple)
2. Rarraba ta pH na rini:
Ruwan acid mai ƙarfi acid ɗin wanka: pH 2.5-4 don rini, saurin haske mai kyau, amma rashin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, launi mai haske, matakin kyau;Rauni acid bath acid rini: pH 4-5 don rini, tsarin kwayoyin halitta na rini Adadin ƙungiyoyin sulfonic acid a cikin matsakaici ya ɗan ragu kaɗan, don haka solubility na ruwa ya ɗan yi muni, saurin jiyya ya fi na wanka mai ƙarfi acid. rini, kuma matakin yana ɗan muni.Ruwan ruwan wanka mai tsaka-tsaki: ƙimar pH na rini shine 6-7, rabon ƙungiyoyin sulfonic acid a cikin tsarin kwayoyin rini ya yi ƙasa, mai narkewar rini ya yi ƙasa, matakin rashin ƙarfi, launi ba ta da haske sosai, amma rigar. sauri yana da girma.
Sharuɗɗan da suka danganci rini na acid
1. Tsaurin launi:
Launi na yadi yana da juriya ga nau'ikan nau'ikan jiki, sinadarai da sinadarai a cikin tsarin rini da gamawa ko kuma cikin aiwatar da amfani da amfani.2. Daidaitaccen zurfin zurfi:
Jerin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun matsakaici waɗanda ke ayyana zurfin matsakaici azaman zurfin ma'auni na 1/1.Launuka na zurfin ma'auni iri ɗaya suna daidai da tunani, don haka za'a iya kwatanta saurin launi akan tushe guda.A halin yanzu, ya haɓaka zuwa jimlar daidaitattun zurfin zurfin 2/1, 1/1, 1/3, 1/6, 1/12 da 1/25.3. Zurfin rini:
An bayyana shi azaman adadin yawan rini zuwa yawan fiber (watau OMF), yawan rini ya bambanta bisa ga inuwa daban-daban.4. Rage launi:
Canjin inuwa, zurfin ko haske na launi na masana'anta da aka rina bayan wani magani, ko sakamakon haɗin gwiwar waɗannan canje-canje.5. Tabo:
Bayan wani magani, ana canza launi na masana'anta da aka zana zuwa ga masana'anta da ke kusa da su, kuma kayan da aka yi da sutura sun lalace.6. Katin samfurin launin toka don tantance launi:
A cikin gwajin saurin launi, daidaitaccen katin samfurin launin toka da aka yi amfani da shi don kimanta ƙimar abin da aka rini ana kiransa gabaɗaya katin samfurin launi.7. Katin samfurin launin toka don kimanta tabo:
A cikin gwajin saurin launi, daidaitaccen katin samfurin launin toka da aka yi amfani da shi don kimanta matakin tabo na abin da aka rina zuwa masana'anta mai rufi ana kiransa gaba ɗaya katin samfurin tabo.8. Ƙimar saurin launi:
Dangane da gwajin saurin launi, matakin canza launi na yadudduka masu launin rini da matakin tabo zuwa yadudduka masu goyan baya, ƙimar saurin launi na yadudduka an ƙididdige su.Bugu da ƙari, saurin haske na takwas (sai dai AATCC daidaitaccen haske mai haske), sauran su ne tsarin matakan biyar, mafi girman matakin, mafi kyawun sauri.9. Lining masana'anta:
A cikin gwajin saurin launi, don yin la'akari da matakin tabo na masana'anta da aka rini zuwa wasu zaruruwa, farar fata da ba ta da launi ana bi da ita tare da masana'anta da aka rini.
Na hudu, saurin launi na gama gari na rini na acid
1. Saurin zuwa hasken rana:
Hakanan aka sani da saurin launi zuwa haske, ikon launi na yadi don tsayayya da hasken wucin gadi, ma'aunin dubawa na gabaɗaya shine ISO105 B02;
2. Sautin launi zuwa wanka (nutsar da ruwa):
Juriya na launi na yadi don wankewa a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban, kamar ISO105 C01C03E01, da dai sauransu;3. Sautin launi zuwa shafa:
Ana iya raba juriya mai launi na yadudduka zuwa gogewa zuwa busassun bushewa da rigar gogewa.4. Sautin launi zuwa ruwan chlorine:
Har ila yau, an san shi da saurin ruwa na chlorine, ana yin shi gabaɗaya ta hanyar kwaikwayi yawan chlorine a cikin wuraren iyo.Matsayin canza launi na chlorine na masana'anta, kamar dacewa da kayan iyo na nailan, hanyar ganowa shine ISO105 E03 (ingantacciyar abun ciki na chlorine 50ppm);5. Sautin launi zuwa gumi:
Juriyar launin yadi ga gumin ɗan adam ana iya raba shi zuwa saurin gumi na acid da alkali gwargwadon acidity da alkalinity na gumin gwajin.Ana gwada masana'anta da aka rina tare da rini na acid gabaɗaya don saurin gumi na alkaline.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-21-2022