Rarraba rini sune mafi mahimmanci kuma babban nau'i a cikin masana'antar rini.Ba su ƙunshi ƙungiyoyi masu ƙarfi masu narkewa da ruwa kuma su ne rinayen da ba na ionic ba waɗanda aka rina a cikin yanayin tarwatse yayin aikin rini.An fi amfani da shi don bugu da rini na polyester da yadudduka masu haɗaka.Hakanan ana iya amfani dashi a cikin bugu da rini na zaruruwan roba kamar acetate fiber, nailan, polypropylene, vinyl, da acrylic.
Bayanin tarwatsa rini
1 Gabatarwa:
Rini na tarwatsa wani nau'in rini ne da ke ɗan narkewa a cikin ruwa kuma yana tarwatsewa sosai a cikin ruwa ta hanyar aikin tarwatsawa.Rarraba rini ba su ƙunshi ƙungiyoyi masu narkewar ruwa ba kuma suna da ƙananan nauyin kwayoyin halitta.Ko da yake sun ƙunshi ƙungiyoyin polar (irin su hydroxyl, amino, hydroxyalkylamino, cyanoalkylamino, da sauransu), har yanzu ba rini na ionic ba ne.Irin waɗannan rinannun suna da manyan buƙatun jiyya, kuma yawanci suna buƙatar ƙasa ta wurin injin niƙa a gaban mai watsawa don zama barbashi masu tarwatsewa sosai da kristal kafin a iya amfani da su.Rini barasa na tarwatsa rini daidai ne kuma tsayayyen dakatarwa.
2. Tarihi:
An samar da rini mai tarwatsewa a Jamus a cikin 1922 kuma ana amfani da su galibi don rina zaren polyester da zaruruwan acetate.An fi amfani dashi don rini zaruruwan acetate a wancan lokacin.Bayan shekarun 1950, tare da fitowar zaruruwan polyester, ya haɓaka cikin sauri kuma ya zama babban samfuri a masana'antar rini.
Rarraba rini masu tarwatsewa
1. Rarraba ta tsarin kwayoyin halitta:
Bisa ga tsarin kwayoyin, ana iya raba shi zuwa nau'i uku: nau'in azo, nau'in anthraquinone da nau'in heterocyclic.
Azo-type chromatographic jamiái ne cikakke, tare da rawaya, orange, ja, purple, blue da sauran launuka.Za'a iya samar da rinayen tarwatsa nau'in nau'in Azo bisa ga tsarin haɗin gwanon azo na gabaɗaya, tsarin yana da sauƙi kuma farashin yana da ƙasa.(Lissafin game da 75% na tarwatsa dyes) Nau'in Anthraquinone yana da ja, purple, blue da sauran launuka.(Lissafin kusan kashi 20% na rini na tarwatsawa) Shahararren tseren rini, nau'in rini na tushen anthraquinone, nau'in rini ne da aka haɓaka, wanda ke da halayen launi mai haske.(Nau'in heterocyclic yana da kusan kashi 5% na rini mai tarwatsawa) Tsarin samar da nau'in anthraquinone da nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in dyes na tarwatsewa ya fi rikitarwa kuma farashin ya fi girma.
2. Rarraba bisa ga juriya na zafi na aikace-aikacen:
Ana iya raba shi zuwa nau'in ƙananan zafin jiki, nau'in zafin jiki na matsakaici da nau'in zafin jiki mai girma.
Ƙananan zafin jiki dyes, low sublimation fastness, mai kyau matakin yi, dace da gajiyar rini, sau da yawa ake kira E-type dyes;high zafin jiki dyes, high sublimation fastness, amma matalauta levelness, dace da zafi narke rini, da aka sani da S-type dyes;dyes na matsakaici-zazzabi, tare da saurin sublimation tsakanin sama biyun, wanda kuma aka sani da rinayen nau'in SE.
3. Kalmomin da ke da alaƙa da tarwatsa rini
1. Tsaurin launi:
Launi na yadi yana da juriya ga nau'ikan nau'ikan jiki, sinadarai da sinadarai a cikin tsarin rini da gamawa ko kuma cikin aiwatar da amfani da amfani.2. Daidaitaccen zurfin zurfi:
Jerin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun matsakaici waɗanda ke ayyana zurfin matsakaici azaman zurfin ma'auni na 1/1.Launuka na zurfin ma'auni iri ɗaya suna daidai da tunani, don haka za'a iya kwatanta saurin launi akan tushe guda.A halin yanzu, ya haɓaka zuwa jimlar daidaitattun zurfin zurfin 2/1, 1/1, 1/3, 1/6, 1/12 da 1/25.3. Zurfin rini:
An bayyana shi azaman yawan nauyin rini zuwa nauyin fiber, ƙaddamarwar rini ya bambanta bisa ga launi daban-daban.Gabaɗaya, zurfin rini shine 1%, zurfin rini na ruwan shuɗi shine 2%, kuma zurfin rini na baki shine 4%.4. Rage launi:
Canjin inuwa, zurfin ko haske na launi na masana'anta da aka rina bayan wani magani, ko sakamakon haɗin gwiwar waɗannan canje-canje.5. Tabo:
Bayan wani magani, ana canza launi na masana'anta da aka zana zuwa ga masana'anta da ke kusa da su, kuma kayan da aka yi da sutura sun lalace.6. Katin samfurin launin toka don tantance launi:
A cikin gwajin saurin launi, daidaitaccen katin samfurin launin toka da aka yi amfani da shi don kimanta ƙimar abin da aka rini ana kiransa gabaɗaya katin samfurin launi.7. Katin samfurin launin toka don kimanta tabo:
A cikin gwajin saurin launi, daidaitaccen katin samfurin launin toka da aka yi amfani da shi don kimanta matakin tabo na abin da aka rina zuwa masana'anta mai rufi ana kiransa gaba ɗaya katin samfurin tabo.8. Ƙimar saurin launi:
Dangane da gwajin saurin launi, matakin canza launi na yadudduka masu launin rini da matakin tabo zuwa yadudduka masu goyan baya, ƙimar saurin launi na yadudduka an ƙididdige su.Bugu da ƙari, saurin haske na takwas (sai dai AATCC daidaitaccen haske mai haske), sauran su ne tsarin matakan biyar, mafi girman matakin, mafi kyawun sauri.9. Lining masana'anta:
A cikin gwajin saurin launi, don yin la'akari da matakin tabo na masana'anta da aka rini zuwa wasu zaruruwa, farar fata da ba ta da launi ana bi da ita tare da masana'anta da aka rini.
Na hudu, saurin launi na gama gari na tarwatsa rini
1. Sautin launi zuwa haske:
Ƙarfin launi na yadi don tsayayya da haske ga hasken wucin gadi.
2. Sautin launi zuwa wanka:
Juriya na launi na yadi zuwa aikin wankewa na yanayi daban-daban.
3. Sautin launi zuwa shafa:
Ana iya raba juriya mai launi na yadudduka zuwa gogewa zuwa busassun bushewa da rigar gogewa.
4. Sautin launi zuwa sublimation:
Matsayin abin da launi na kayan yadi ya tsayayya da sublimation zafi.
5. Sautin launi zuwa gumi:
Juriyar launin yadi ga gumin ɗan adam ana iya raba shi zuwa saurin gumi na acid da alkali gwargwadon acidity da alkalinity na gumin gwajin.
6. Sautin launi zuwa shan taba da dishewa:
Ƙarfin kayan masarufi don tsayayya da nitrogen oxides a cikin hayaki.Daga cikin rini da aka tarwatsa, musamman waɗanda ke da tsarin anthraquinone, riniyoyin za su canza launi lokacin da suka haɗu da nitric oxide da nitrogen dioxide.
7. Sautin launi don matsawa zafi:
Ƙarfin launi na yadi don tsayayya da baƙin ƙarfe da aikin nadi.
8. Saurin launi zuwa bushewar zafi:
Ƙarfin launi na yadi don tsayayya da bushewar zafi mai zafi.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-21-2022